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High-precision nanocasting using crystalline ceria/zirconia nanoparticle sols is employed for successful replication of hierarchical wood tissue. Full retention of the spiraling cellulose microfibril orientation after template removal is unambiguously proved for the first time using small angle X-ray scattering (see figure). Electron microscopy reveals that the morphological details of the wood template are well preserved over four levels of hierarchy.
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Deshpande et al. (2006) studied this question.
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