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In this letter, the composition and electric field dependent strain behavior of (1 − x)Bi0.5(Na0.78K0.22)0.5TiO3-xBi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 (BNKT-BMT) were investigated to develop lead-free piezoelectric materials with a large strain response at a low driving field for actuator applications. A large strain of 0.35% (Smax/Emax = 636 pm/V) at an applied field of 55 kV/cm was obtained with a composition of 4 mol. % BMT. In particular, the electric field required to deliver large strains was reduced to a level that revealed not only a large Smax/Emax of 542 pm/V at a driving field as low as 35 kV/cm, but also remarkably suppressed the large hysteresis.
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Ullah et al. (2013) studied this question.
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