Key result
Damage to autonomic CNS regions, such as from acute cerebral blood circulation disturbances, leads to arrhythmias, myocardial dysfunction, and cellular injury via catecholamine excitotoxicity.
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Highlights the pathophysiological mechanisms by which acute brain injury induces cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmias through autonomic dysregulation.
The authors consider anatomical/physiological characteristics and a role of different autonomic CNS regions, including insula cortex, amygdala complex, anterior cingulate cortex, ventral medial prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus and epiphysis, involved in the regulation of cardiovascular activity. The damage of these structures, e.g., due to the acute disturbance of cerebral blood circulation, led to arrhythmia, including fatal arrhythmia, in previously intact myocardium; systolic and diastolic dysfunction, ischemic changes considered in the frames of cerebro-cardial syndrome. On the cellular level, the disturbance of autonomic regulation resulted in catechol amine excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and free radical myocardium injury.
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Basantsova et al. (2017) conducted a review in Cerebro-cardiac disorders. Damage to autonomic CNS regions was evaluated. Damage to autonomic CNS regions, such as from acute cerebral blood circulation disturbances, leads to arrhythmias, myocardial dysfunction, and cellular injury via catecholamine excitotoxicity.
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