Development of an Electrochemical Sensing System for Wine Component Analysis

In this work, we developed a polyaniline (PANI)-modified electrochemical sensor chip via electrochemical polymerization that resists nonspecific adsorption for wine component (SO 2, phenolic/organic acids) analysis using electrochemical analysis, cyclic voltammetry (CV). The red, rosé, and white wines were clearly discriminated by the PANI sensor chip based on their components, and the detection was a reversible process. The standard solution was investigated electrochemically for the determination of SO 2 and compared with the standard Rankine method. The anodic peak currents were used for the SO 2 measurement, and a good correlation was obtained ( R 2 = 0.9953). PANI electrode was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The charge transfer resistance ( R ct ) decreased with decreasing pH. A miniaturized homemade Rankine apparatus was also developed for portable use in the on-site assessment of free and bound sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) in wine. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a PANI-modified electrochemical sensor chip for wine component analysis.