Swine Norovirus: Past, Present, and Future

Figures

• 

  Figure 1. Genome structure of norovirus. The figure represented the genome organisation of norovirus. The polyprotein encoded by ORF1 is post-translationally cleaved by the virus-encoded protease, Pro (also known as NS6 or 3C-like), into individual proteins: p48 (also known as NS1/2 or N-term), NTPase (also known as NS3 or 2C-like), p22 (also known as NS4 or 3A-like), VPg, Pro and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Subgenomic (+) RNAs contain only ORF2 and ORF3 and are used for the production of VP1 and VP2. Created in Biorender.com (https://biorender.com/, accessed on 2 February 2022).

• 

  Figure 2. Classification scheme of noroviruses. Classification of noroviruses into genogroups, genotypes, variants, P-groups, and P-types, modified from Chhabra et al., 2019 [71]. Created in Biorender.com. (https://biorender.com/, accessed on 2 February 2022).

• 

  Figure 3. Phylogenetic tree, constructed with ML method and K2P model of nucleotide substitution, of a 300 bp RdRp gene fragment of the reference sequences of human and swine noroviruses available in GenBank, modified from Cavicchio et al., 2020. Swine strains (GII.11 and GII.18) are highlighted in green and purple, respectively.

• 

  Figure 4. List of bottlenecks and open questions in studying swine Norovirus. Created in biorender.com. (https://biorender.com/), last accessed on 2 February 2022.