Microbiome in GIT Cancers: New Frontiers in Personalized Medicine – A Review of Literature

Every person has a characteristic “enterotype,” the gut components and the environment. Recently, a strong biological correlation has emerged among the microbiome of the gut, the immune system, cancer development and pharmacological effects of chemotherapy. In this review, we outline the role of gut microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancers pathogenesis and their implications for enhancing the efficacy of GIT cancer management in clinical practice. We also summarize the molecular pathways linking gut microbiota and GIT cancers and the effectiveness of manipulating microbiota in GIT cancer therapies such as personalized cancer therapy.