Improved reactor design enables productivity of microbial electrosynthesis on par with classical biotechnology

at a titer of 14 g/L, surpassing continuous gas fermentation without biomass retention and on par with glucose fermentation by T. kivui in chemostats. Coulombic efficiencies reached 80 %-90 % and energy efficiencies up to 30 % for acetate and methane production. The performance of this plate reactor demonstrates that MES can deliver production rates that are competitive with those of established biotechnologies.