High-performance Fe3O4@SiO2@M-D and Fe3O4@SiO2@M-D-Cu with amine branches and decorated with copper metal for one-pot synthesis of chromene and xanthene derivatives

In this project, we introduced new heterogeneous nanocatalysts featuring amine branches and decorated with inexpensive copper metal (Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @M-D-Cu and Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @M-D). These nanocatalysts were characterized using several analytical techniques, including SEM, FT-IR, EDX, XRD, TGA, and ICP-OES. We investigated their catalytic activity in traditional pot reactions, focusing on the three-component synthesis of xanthene and chromene compounds. The properties and future potential of these nanocatalysts include high yield, recyclability, ease of operation, and the use of environmentally friendly solvents. Additionally, the catalysts can be easily removed from the reaction solution using an external magnet and reused up to eight times without a decrease in catalytic activity.