SCHOLARS CHIEFLY INTERESTED in economics and technology have called a series of physical and social changes in Western society that occurred between 1750 and 1850 the Industrial Revolution. In keeping with this language the focus of attention has been on the gradual growth of machinery using nonmanual power. When such machines became economically productive they were housed in factories that, in turn, drew workers from other activities, produced new business forms for distribution, created new opportunities for the use of capital, and greatly raised the standard of living. Exemplifying this approach, David Landes writes:
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Thomas C. Cochran (1974) studied this question.
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