Structure and electrical properties of the oriented polyaniline films

The structure of oriented polyaniline (PANI) films were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, XPS, SEM, and X‐ray diffraction, and their electrical properties were measured as a function of the protonation state, elongation ratio, temperature, and applied pressure. A maximum conductivity at room temperature for oriented PANI films can be achieved up to 500 s/cm with conductivity anisotropy as high as 20 : 1. The temperature dependence of conductivity for both unoriented and oriented films at 77–300 K and applied pressure of 0–11.4 kbar is consistent with the 3‐D variable‐range hopping model; however, the hopping barrier of oriented films is one order magnitude lower than that of unoriented films. The mechanism of enhanced conductivity for oriented PANI films is discussed.