Why the study?
Frailty is prevalent in cardiac surgery and associated with adverse outcomes, making recognition of its concepts, assessment tools, and pathophysiology significant for multidisciplinary patient management.
Comprehensive nursing care and multidisciplinary management of frailty in cardiac surgery patients are essential to predict and prevent adverse postoperative outcomes.
May inform risk stratification in cardiac surgery; leaves open standardized definitions and interventional trials.
Although there is no standardized definition of frailty, it is a geriatric syndrome conceptualized as a decrease in physiological reserves due to aging. Frailty may occur as a result of cardiovascular diseases, and it is also a predictive indicator for the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. In epidemiological studies, the prevalence of frailty was determined to be higher in cardiac surgery patients than in other surgical patients. In addition, frailty has been associated with many adverse health outcomes such as delirium, mortality, and morbidity following cardiac surgery. With advanced evaluations to determine preoperative frailty in patients who are candidates for cardiac surgery, adverse events that might occur following surgery could be predicted, and necessary measures could be taken. Management of frailty is multidisciplinary and multidimensional. It is significant to recognise the concept of frailty, its assesment tools, and its pathophysiology for the management of frail patients with frailty and proposed to undergo cardiac surgery. This review discusses the concept of frailty, its evaluation, pathophysiology, epidemiology in cardiac surgery, effect on patient outcomes, importance of its evaluation, and nursing care for this condition.
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Korkmaz et al. (2022) studied this question.
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