Abiotic–Biological Hybrid Systems for CO2 Conversion to Value-Added Chemicals and Fuels

Abiotic–biological hybrid systems that combine the advantages of abiotic catalysis and biotransformation for the conversion of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to value-added chemicals and fuels have emerged as an appealing way to address the global energy and environmental crisis caused by increased CO 2 emission. We illustrate the recent progress in this field. Here, we first review the natural CO 2 fixation pathways for an in-depth understanding of the biological CO 2 transformation strategy and why a sustainable feed of reducing power is important. Second, we review the recent progress in the construction of abiotic–biological hybrid systems for CO 2 transformation from two aspects: (i) microbial electrosynthesis systems that utilize electricity to support whole-cell biological CO 2 conversion to products of interest and (ii) photosynthetic semiconductor biohybrid systems that integrate semiconductor nanomaterials with CO 2 -fixing microorganisms to harness solar energy for biological CO 2 transformation. Lastly, we discuss potential approaches for further improvement of abiotic–biological hybrid systems.