Autoimmune diseases and organ transplant rejection remain challenging to treat because of the immune system’s natural tendency to destroy cells and tissues recognized as non-self (in the case of autoimmunity, erroneously so). One promising strategy to restore immune balance in such disorders is to infuse regulatory T cells (Tregs), immune cells dedicated to inhibiting immune responses.1 However, the clinical application of Tregs has been limited by manufacturing difficulties. Tregs isolated from patients often expand poorly in vitro, and the cell yield often falls short of the therapeutic dose required for infusion.
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Chattopadhyay et al. (2025) studied this question.
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