The field of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is in the midst of a rapidly evolving therapeutic revolution in both Philadelphia-chromosome (Ph)-positive and Ph-negative B-cell ALL [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. In a recent Blood Cancer Journal article from China, Li and colleagues reported on their experience in 132 adults with Ph-positive ALL treated with induction therapy with olverembatinib (third-generation BCR::ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor [TKI]) and reduced intensity chemotherapy [ 6 ]. One hundred and thirty patients (98.5%) achieved a complete remission (CR), and 116 proceeded to consolidation with either allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT; n = 73), or with olverembatinib and immunotherapy ( n = 43): blinatumomab in 28 patients and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in 15 patients. The outcomes were better in the immunotherapy combinations compared with HSCT: 3-month complete molecular response (CMR) rate 95% versus 78%; 3-year event-free survival (EFS) rate 91% versus 74%; 3-year survival rate 94% versus 81% [ 6 ].
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Kantarjian et al. (2026) studied this question.