Key result
A prototype potentiometric module for bladder volume monitoring was successfully implemented in an in vitro pig bladder model, demonstrating an accuracy error of <±3%.
A prototype potentiometric device for bladder volume monitoring demonstrated high accuracy (<±3% error) in an in vitro pig bladder model, providing a basis for future implantable bladder sensors.
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May inform sensor-based bladder monitoring development; leaves open clinical translation and human validation.
Recent advances in microelectronics and wireless transmission technology have led to the development of various implantable sensors for real-time monitoring of bladder conditions. Although various sensing approaches for monitoring bladder conditions were reported, most such sensors have remained at the laboratory stage due to the existence of vital drawbacks. In the present study, we explored a new concept for monitoring the bladder capacity on the basis of potentiometric principles. A prototype of a potentiometer module was designed and fabricated and integrated with a commercial wireless transmission module and power unit. A series of in vitro pig bladder experiments was conducted to determine the best design parameters for implementing the prototype potentiometric device and to prove its feasibility. We successfully implemented the potentiometric module in a pig bladder model in vitro, and the error of the accuracy of bladder volume detection was <±3%. Although the proposed potentiometric device was built using a commercial wireless module, the design principles and animal experience gathered from this research can serve as a basis for developing new implantable bladder sensors in the future.
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Chen et al. (2015) studied Bladder volume monitoring. Potentiometric module was evaluated on Accuracy of bladder volume detection. A prototype potentiometric module for bladder volume monitoring was successfully implemented in an in vitro pig bladder model, demonstrating an accuracy error of <±3%.
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