We measure the quantum fluctuations of a pumped nonlinear resonator using a superconducting artificial atom as an in situ probe. The qubit excitation spectrum gives access to the frequency and amount of excitation of the intracavity field fluctuations, from which we infer its effective temperature. These quantities are found to be in agreement with theoretical predictions; in particular, we experimentally observe the phenomenon of quantum heating.
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Ong et al. (2013) studied this question.
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