Key result
A multimodal analgesic approach utilizing the oral route as the primary choice, unless contraindicated, ensures better postoperative pain control than single interventions, while the intramuscular route is strongly discouraged.
Why the study?
Optimal postoperative pain control improves surgical outcomes, with analgesia choice depending on drug class, route of administration, dosage, and patient-specific contraindications.
This review highlights that a multimodal approach and appropriate selection of administration routes, prioritizing oral over intravenous when possible, optimize acute postoperative pain management.
May support multimodal oral analgesia postoperatively; leaves open need for RCTs to guide adoption.
Effective treatment of postoperative acute pain, together with early mobilization and nutrition, is one of the perioperative strategies advocated to improve surgical outcome and reduce the costs of hospitalization. Moreover, adequate pain control reduces perioperative morbidity related to surgical stress and can also prevent the incidence of chronic postoperative pain syndromes, whose treatment is still a challenge. The choice of the most appropriate analgesics depends not only on the drug class, but also on the most suitable route of administration, the best dosage for that route, and unique limitations and contraindications for every patient. In the present review, a comprehensive analysis was performed on the different routes of administration of acute postoperative pain medications and their indications and limitations, focusing on recent evidence and international recommendations.
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Puntillo et al. (2021) conducted a review in Acute postoperative pain. Various routes of administration for acute postoperative pain medication was evaluated. A multimodal analgesic approach utilizing the oral route as the primary choice, unless contraindicated, ensures better postoperative pain control than single interventions, while the intramuscular route is strongly discouraged.
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