Massive MIMO for Distributed Detection With Transceiver Impairments

This paper investigates an issue of massive MIMO-based distributed detection that considers transceiver hardware impairments at both a massive-antenna fusion center (FC) and multiple single-antenna sensors. First, we derive closed-form expressions of the probability of detection and the probability of false alarm, and show that hardware impairments create finite ceilings on the achievable detection performance. Then, we formulate a constrained optimization problem as sum of linear ratios programming to maximize the detection probability. By exploiting the inherent problem structures, we further develop an algorithm based on the alternating direction method of multipliers. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the nonideal hardware has a fundamental impact on the distributed detection performance. More specifically, in the limit of an infinite number of antennas and infinite sensor reporting power budget, the effects of FC impairment and FC receiver noise vanish, while the sensor impairment dominates the achievable distributed detection performance.