Expressions for the ground and excited state energies of a system of nucleons interacting through pairing forces are given as a power series in inverse powers of the number of particles. The expressions are valid for systems with superfluid ground states and either J=0 or L=0 pairing. The first three terms in the expansion are given explicitly, and they exhibit excitations with both vibrational and rotational (in isospin space) character. Analytical and numerical results are given for a model system with a two-level single-particle spectrum.
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R. W. Richardson (1977) studied this question.
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