An acid-pepsin extract of ground cancellous calf bone contains a bone-cell-stimulating substance (BCSS) that is active in the intact rat and in bone cultures. A single injection of a suspension of BCSS adjacent to the radius-ulna complex of a rat significantly increased appositional bone formation in a dose-dependent manner. The pattern of new bone deposition differed from that caused by nonspecific irritants. A suspension or water-soluble extract of BCSS significantly increased DNA and collagen synthesis in organ cultures of diaphyseal pieces of 17-day-old fetal chick tibiae. Whether or not BCSS is different from any of the other bone-derived growth factors has not been established.
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Clark et al. (1988) studied this question.