Surgical techniques and prognostic nomogram for patients with supravalvular aortic stenosis

Figures

• 

  Fig. 1. Flow chart of patient selection and follow-up. FU follow-up. SVAS supravalvular aortic stenosis

• 

  Fig. 2. McGoon repair (A&B) and Doty repair (C&D) of supravalvular aortic stenosis. A Incision from ascending aorta to non-coronary sinus; B teardrop-patch augmentation of the supravalvular aortic segment; C reverse “Y”-shaped incision from ascending aorta to non-coronary and right coronary aortic sinuses; D pantaloon-patch augmentation of supravalvular aortic segment. Note: This is an original work by the authors, created for this study, and based on standard surgical protocols

• 

  Fig. 3. Kaplan–Meier curves of the composite outcome (re-operation or restenosis). A All patients; B McGoon repair vs. Doty repair groups. p values were obtained by the log-rank test

• 

  Fig. 4. Nomogram to predict re-operation or restenosis of SVAS patients after surgery at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years. A Nomogram of the composite outcome. For each individual, a vertical line is drawn through each feature status according to the patient's profile towards the ‘points’ line. This assigns a point to the individual. All points are summed to generate a total point. A vertical line is then drawn at the ‘total point’ axis to the ‘risk probability’ axis for prediction of the re-operation or restenosis at a certain timepoint. B Calibration curves for the nomogram at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years. The x-axis represents the nomogram-predicted probability and the y-axis represents the actual probability of re-operation or restenosis. The perfect prediction would correspond to the 45°dashed line. The red line represents the entire cohort (n = 240) with the blue error bar. The bias-corrected points were marked by asterisk through bootstrap resampling (B = 1000 repetitions, n = 80 per time), indicating observed nomogram performance. AVS Aortic valve stenosis, PS Pulmonary artery stenosis, STJ Sinotubular junction, SVAS Supravalvular aortic stenosis