But will simple complaints be adequate to make any change in the testing system? I doubt it. With the new federal education act, testing has become the official driving force to reform education. By and large, Congress and the public have bought George W's lines, which he used as mantra throughout his campaign for the presidency. For example, at the NAACP meeting on July 10, 2000, he announced that a great movement of education [sic] reform has begun in this country, one that is built on clear principles. His principles, however, sound more like dictates: Raise the bar of standards. Give schools
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George Hillocks (2003) studied this question.