Butterfly-shaped graphene nanostructures: insights into magnetization plateaus and thermal robustness using the Monte Carlo method

In this paper, Monte Carlo calculations with the Blume-Capel model are used to investigate the magnetic properties of a butterfly graphene nanostructure. A particular emphasis is placed on the formation of magnetization plateaus influenced by exchange fields, anisotropy, and temperature. The stability of a discrete magnetic state influenced by lattice structure as well as competition between different lattice parameters is considered. It should be noted that this paper offers general guidance on magnetization plateaus in graphene nanostructures with potential applications at the nano scale.