Statin Therapy at Carotid Angioplasty and Stent Placement: Effect on Procedure-related Stroke, Myocardial Infarction, and Death

PURPOSE: To retrospectively determine if preprocedural statin treatment is associated with a reduction of cardiovascular events after carotid angioplasty and stent placement (CAS) in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A study resulting in a prospective database was approved by the institutional ethics review board; written informed consent was obtained. The approval and informed consent included future retrospective analysis. Consecutive patients (n = 180) from the prospective database underwent CAS for high-grade symptomatic carotid disease. The frequency of cardiovascular complications (composite of stroke, myocardial infarction, and death within 30 days after CAS) between 127 patients without preprocedural statin treatment and that of 53 patients with preprocedural statin treatment at CAS were compared with chi2 and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The overall 30-day myocardial infarction rate was two of 180 (1%) patients, the minor stroke rate was 16 of 180 (9%) patients, the major stroke rate was one of 180 (0.5%) patients, and the death rate was two of 180 (1%) patients. The incidence of cardiovascular events (composite of stroke, myocardial infarction, and death within 30 days after CAS) was significantly different between patients with preprocedural treatment (4%) and those without preprocedural statin treatment (15%) (P < .05). These higher complication rates among patients without preprocedural statin treatment were not mediated by adjustment for age, sex, other baseline characteristics, degree of carotid stenosis, use of cerebral protection devices, or the year in which CAS was performed. CONCLUSION: Preprocedural statin therapy appears to reduce the incidence of stroke, myocardial infarction, and death within 30 days after CAS. Future prospective randomized trials are warranted to further assess this potential protective effect of statin drugs during carotid interventions.