Young technology ventures in Europe: aspects of market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation

The constructs of market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation have been researched over the last decade. Critics increasingly demand the simultaneous testing of several orientations. An online single-industry study investigated the constructs on a factor, dimensional and full measurement level as well as clarified the interconstruct relation. Using reviewed measures from the works of Kohli et al. (1993), as well as Covin and Slevin (1986; 1991) and Lumpkin and Dess (1996), a total of 282 wireless application developers in Europe and Israel were surveyed. It can be concluded that entrepreneurial orientation is a multidimensional construct comprising four distinct constructs: Proactiveness, Risk Taking, Competitive Aggressiveness, and Innovativeness of the Company. Market orientation was found to be a unidimensional construct comprising five distinct dimensions: Intelligence Generation on Macro Environment, Intelligence Generation on Micro Environment, Intelligence Generation on Customers, Intelligence Dissemination and Responsiveness.