SEKULER, ROBERT, and MIERKIEWICZ, DIANE. Children's Judgments of Numerical Inequality. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1977, 48, 630-633. When adults judge which of 2 digits is numerically larger, their response times decrease linearly with the numerical difference. For children in fourth and seventh grades, the function relating judgment time to numerical difference has the same slope as that of adults. For children in kindergarten and first grade the function is considerably steeper. This may reflect a developmental change in the internal representation of the number series.
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Sekuler et al. (1977) studied this question.
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