Contrary popular belief, the key provisions of the All-Industry laws were not produced by the All-Industry Committee. Nor did thiey result from cooperation between the Committee and the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. A cartel, composed of stock property insurers, dominated property-liability insurance before the mid-1940's. The All-Industry laws were designed (under the leadership of Commissioner Dineen and with the help of the mutuals) as a means by which the states could bring the previously unregulated cartel under their control. Although suitable for the economic and political environment in which they were enacted, the laws are not necessarily appropriate today. In 1909, only a few months after Kansas adopted the first U.S. insurance rate regulation law, the Governor of Kansas wrote his Insurance Commissioner complaining that rates were being raised and demanding know what the Commissioner was doing to protect the people of the
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Frederick G. Crane (1972) studied this question.