The maximum specific energy obtainable in pressure retarded osmosis and the corresponding optimal operating conditions are analytically determined for three different operation modes: an ideal reversible process, and constant-pressure systems with either co-current flow or counter-current flow in a membrane module.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Lin et al. (2014) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: