The Pilot Study of Evaluating Fluctuation in the Blood Flow Volume of the Radial Artery, a Site for Traditional Pulse Diagnosis

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Radial artery blood flow volume center frequency correlated with flow velocity in the low-frequency band (r=0.64, p<0.01) and with systolic vessel diameter in the high-frequency band (r=0.39, p<0.05).

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: Healthy volunteers undergoing radial artery hemodynamic fluctuation evaluation (n=33). Intervention: High-resolution ultrasonography with fast Fourier transform spectral analysis of the right radial artery. Primary outcome: Correlation of center frequency (CF) of power spectrum for radial artery blood flow volume (Volume) with blood flow velocity (Velocity) at low frequency (LF) and systolic vessel diameter (Sys-VD) at high frequency (HF) (p=<0.01).

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Radial artery blood flow volume center frequency correlates with flow velocity in the low-frequency band and with systolic vessel diameter in the high-frequency band. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.NOVEL_FINDING. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Q: What question did this study set out to answer?

To measure radial artery hemodynamics and evaluate blood flow volume fluctuations at a traditional pulse diagnosis site using frequency power spectra.

Masashi Watanabe; S. Kaneko; Shin Takayama; Yasuyuki Shiraishi; Takehiro Numata; Natsumi Saito; Takashi Seki; Norihiro Sugita; Satoshi Konno; Tomoyuki Yambe; Makoto Yoshizawa; Nobuo Yaegashi; Tadashi Ishii

doi:10.3390/medicines3020011

May 17, 2016MedicinesOpen Access

The Pilot Study of Evaluating Fluctuation in the Blood Flow Volume of the Radial Artery, a Site for Traditional Pulse Diagnosis

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Key result

Radial artery flow volume center frequency correlates with flow velocity and systolic vessel diameter.

P<0.01
n=33

Why the study?

How do fluctuations in radial artery blood flow volume relate to fluctuations in vessel diameter and blood flow velocity at low and high frequencies in healthy adults at rest?

Key Points

To measure radial artery hemodynamics and evaluate blood flow volume fluctuations at a traditional pulse diagnosis site using frequency power spectra.
Enrolled 33 healthy volunteers (26 men and 7 women; mean age 34.2 ± 7.6 years) in a resting state.
Measured hemodynamics of the right radial artery for approximately 50 seconds using high-resolution ultrasonography.
Applied fast Fourier transform analysis to calculate power spectra and center frequencies across low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) bands.
Center frequency at LF for blood flow volume differed from systolic vessel diameter (p < 0.05) and heart rate (p < 0.01), but significantly correlated with blood flow velocity (r = 0.64, p < 0.01).
Center frequency at HF for blood flow volume significantly differed from blood flow velocity (p < 0.01), but correlated with systolic vessel diameter (r = 0.39, p < 0.05).
The LF-to-HF ratio for radial artery blood flow volume was 2.10, with low-frequency volume fluctuations indicating a cycle of 7 to 25 seconds.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=33)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

How do fluctuations in radial artery blood flow volume relate to fluctuations in vessel diameter and blood flow velocity at low and high frequencies in healthy adults at rest?

P

Population

33 healthy volunteers (mean age 34.2 years, 21.2% female) in Japan evaluated at rest under fasting conditions for a 50-second radial artery ultrasonography recording.

E

Exposure

High-resolution ultrasonography (13 MHz linear array transducer with e-Tracking system) of the right radial artery at 1–2 cm above the radial styloid process for approximately 50 seconds after 10 minutes of supine rest, with paced breathing every 6 seconds, analyzed via fast Fourier transform (FFT).

O

Outcome

Center frequency (CF) of the power spectrum at low frequency (LF; 0.04–0.15 Hz) and high frequency (HF) for radial artery blood flow volume (Volume), systolic vessel diameter (Sys-VD), diastolic vessel diameter (Dia-VD), blood flow velocity (Velocity), and heart rate (HR) over a 50-second recording.surrogate

Main Result

p-value: p=<0.01

This pilot study demonstrates that radial artery blood flow volume fluctuations at the traditional pulse diagnosis site are driven primarily by blood flow velocity at low frequencies and by vessel diameter at high frequencies.

Limitations

Small blood vessel diameter at the pulse diagnosis site caused the measurement instrument to slip off with slight participant movements, making prolonged measurements difficult.
Lack of continuous blood pressure measurements simultaneously with heart rate and blood flow.
Short sampling duration of 50 seconds rather than the ideal >60 seconds required for spectral analysis due to movement artifacts.
Paced breathing (every 6 seconds) was used during the test, which could have influenced the high-frequency component.
Pilot study with a small sample size of healthy subjects only, lacking patients with cardiovascular disease.
Small radial artery diameter made the measurement probe prone to slipping from slight subject movements
Lack of simultaneous continuous blood pressure measurements
Short sampling duration (50 s instead of >60 s) due to arm movement artifacts
Controlled breathing every 6 s may have influenced the high-frequency component
Pilot study with small sample size requiring validation in larger cohorts and patients with cardiovascular disease

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Implication

Extends spectral analysis of cardiovascular fluctuations to radial volume at pulse sites; hypothesis-generating, should not yet change practice.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Radial artery (RA) pulse diagnosis has been used in traditional Asian medicine. Blood pressure (BP) and pulse rate related to heart rate variability (HRV) can be monitored via the RA. The fluctuation in these parameters has been assessed using fast Fourier transform (FFT) analytical methods that calculate power spectra. METHODS: = 34) were enrolled. We measured the hemodynamics of the right RA for approximately 50 s using ultrasonography. RESULTS: The parameters showed the center frequency (CF) of the power spectrum at low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF). More than one spectral component indicated that there were fluctuations. The CF at LF for Volume was significantly different from that for vessel diameter (VD); however, it was significantly correlated with blood flow velocity (Velocity). On the other hand, the CF at HF for Volume was significantly different from that for Velocity; however, it was significantly correlated with VD. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that fluctuation in the Volume at LF of RA is influenced by the fluctuation in Velocity; on the other hand, fluctuation in the Volume at HF is influenced by the fluctuation in VD.

Discussion

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Cite This Study

Watanabe et al. (2016) conducted a cross-sectional in Healthy volunteers undergoing radial artery hemodynamic fluctuation evaluation (n=33). High-resolution ultrasonography with fast Fourier transform spectral analysis of the right radial artery was evaluated on Correlation of center frequency (CF) of power spectrum for radial artery blood flow volume (Volume) with blood flow velocity (Velocity) at low frequency (LF) and systolic vessel diameter (Sys-VD) at high frequency (HF) (p=<0.01). Radial artery blood flow volume center frequency correlated with flow velocity in the low-frequency band (r=0.64, p<0.01) and with systolic vessel diameter in the high-frequency band (r=0.39, p<0.05).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a78fd919fd4195bcd5ae094 https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines3020011

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The Pilot Study of Evaluating Fluctuation in the Blood Flow Volume of the Radial Artery, a Site for Traditional Pulse Diagnosis

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

The Pilot Study of Evaluating Fluctuation in the Blood Flow Volume of the Radial Artery, a Site for Traditional Pulse Diagnosis

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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