Deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. 1—Larmor frequency ratio, referencing and chemical shift

Precise values for the ratio of the Larmor frequencies, w 1H / w 2H , were measured at constant field for various organic compounds. The values of the Larmor frequency ratio depend on carbon‐hydrogen bond hybridization. The best ratio for the ghost referencing of 2 H NMR spectra was then determined (6.514399862). This value enables an accurate ghost reference for any 2 H NMR spectrum to be derived from the observed 1 H NMR frequency of the normal internal reference. Deuterium and proton chemical shifts measured from internal, partially deuteriated TMS under the same conditions are shown to be the same.