all lops, no matter how obtained, are subject to errors. Systematic errors can be predicted and accounted for, but random errors must be treated within the realm of Probable Error. Presuming a knowledge of the standard deviations of the random errors of a set of LOPs, the Probable Error Ellipse can be determined. An iterative method is developed whereby any number of LOPs can be combined to determine the Probable Error Ellipse, using two derived equations which have been put in graphical form for simplified determinations.
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Grant Clark (1974) studied this question.