To overcome the staircase error in traditional plasma simulation methods, a hybrid conformal algorithm of the time-domain finite-integration theorem with particle-in-cell (TDFIT-PIC) method is presented. In addition, a new extraction of conformal information (ECI) technique is proposed for implementation. With our ECI technique, the naturally conformal superiority of TDFIT can be used to deal with the curved objects, and the staircase error of the geometric boundary in the traditional PIC simulation can be reduced. Two numerical examples are given to validate the proposed TDFIT-PIC method. In these examples, the staircase error in the particle simulation is successfully eliminated, and higher accuracy is achieved. Furthermore, some numerical examples are given to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the presented method, and the results are verified by experiments.
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You et al. (2013) studied this question.
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