Educational interventions to improve non-technical skills in surgical trainees: a scoping review of training-stage targeting, intervention design, and assessment practice.

A scoping review mapping educational interventions designed to improve non-technical skills in surgical trainees. The review charts the distribution of interventions across training stages and surgical specialties, intervention design and delivery, assessment instruments and assessor characteristics, implementation characteristics, and the extent of follow-up beyond immediate post-test. Conducted in accordance with JBI scoping review methodology and reported using PRISMA-ScR.