The Application Value of Non-Crosslinked Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Biological Graft in the Surgical Treatment of Open Inguinal Hernia in Elderly Patients

目的：探讨非交联脱细胞基质材料生物补片在老年开放腹股沟疝修补术中的应用价值。方法：回顾性分析2019年12月~2022年11月间于北京电力医院行开放无张力腹股沟疝修补术的79例老年患者的临床资料。根据术中使用的补片类型将患者分为试验组和对照组，对照组患者54例，术中均使用轻量大网孔补片，试验组25例，术中均使用非交联脱细胞基质材料生物补片。比较两组患者的手术时间、住院时间、术后局部异物感、慢性疼痛、发热、切口感染、血清肿发生率及疝复发率等指标。结果：两组患者的一般资料如年龄、身体质量指数、手术时间、术中出血量及住院时间比较，差异不具有统计学意义；术后随访期内，两组患者均未出现复发、切口感染及慢性疼痛；试验组患者术后发热及术后1个月血清肿发生率较对照组高(P = 0.031)，术后3个月两组血清肿发生率差异无统计学意义。结论：对于老年患者，非交联脱细胞基质材料生物补片的应用是安全的，术后短期出现血清肿及发热的情况是可接受的，术后需要密切随访。Purpose: To explore the application value of non-crosslinked decellularized extracellular matrix biological graft in open inguinal hernia repair among elderly patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 79 elderly patients who underwent open tension-free inguinal hernia repair at Beijing Electric Power Hospital between December 2019 and November 2022. Patients were categorized into experimental and control groups based on the type of patch used during surgery. The control group (54 cases) received lightweight large-pore patches, while the experimental group (25 cases) received non-crosslinked decellularized extracellular matrix biological grafts. Surgical time, hospital stay, postoperative local foreign body sensation, chronic pain, fever, incision infection, serum swelling incidence, and hernia recurrence rates were compared between the two groups. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in general characteristics, including age, body mass index, surgical time, intraoperative bleeding, and hospital stay, between the two groups. During the postoperative follow-up period, no cases of recurrence, incision infection, or chronic pain occurred in either group. The experimental group showed a higher incidence of postoperative fever and serum swelling at one month compared to the control group (P = 0.031). However, there was no statistically significant difference in serum swelling incidence between the two groups at three months postoperatively. Conclusion: The application of non-crosslinked decellularized extracellular matrix biological grafts in elderly patients is considered safe. Short-term occurrences of postoperative serum swelling and fever are acceptable, requiring close postoperative follow-up.