Treatment of intact cells of Salmonella typhimurium with galactose oxidase (EC 1.1.3.9) resulted in an extensive oxidation of the susceptible galactose residues in the lipopolysaccharides. Comparison with the extent of oxidation in isolated lipopolysaccharides indicated that most lipopolysaccharide molecules were located in the outer leaflet of the outer membrane in intact cells.
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Funahara et al. (1980) studied this question.