A Concept Paper on Smart River Monitoring System for Sustainability in River

Pollution is a major threat to sustainability of river in Malaysia and other parts of the world. The pollution of rivers results in high cost of water tariffs, threat to life and the ecosystem, reduction in water quality, and high cost of cleaning up the rivers. It affects the physical, chemical and biological composition of the river. River is a major source of water in Malaysia and the Department of Environment (DoE) of Malaysia classifies rivers into five different classes based on water quality index (DoE-WQI). The sources of river pollution include surface runoff, sullage and effluent discharge from industries and sewage treatment plants