Key result
Risk prediction models identified a 1.7-to-2.4-fold higher relative risk of CTRCD in high-risk versus low-risk breast cancer patients, though overall model discrimination was limited (AUC 0.51-0.60).
Why the study?
Cancer-therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction is a major concern with trastuzumab in HER2+ breast cancer, but the ability to assess this risk remains limited.
Do published risk prediction models accurately identify cancer-therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction in women with HER2+ breast cancer receiving trastuzumab?
Cohort (n=629)
Do published risk prediction models accurately identify cancer-therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction in women with HER2+ breast cancer receiving trastuzumab?
Effect estimate: RR 1.7-2.4
p-value: p=0.010 and 0.005
Current risk prediction models (including HFA-ICOS and NSABP-31) have limited discrimination for predicting cancer-therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction in HER2+ breast cancer patients, highlighting the need for more accurate tools.
Models stratify CTRCD risk modestly but discriminate poorly; hypothesis-generating and should not yet change practice.
Cancer-therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) is an important concern in women receiving trastuzumab therapy for HER2+ breast cancer. However, the ability to assess CTRCD risk remains limited. In this retrospective cohort study, we apply three published risk prediction models (Ezaz et al., NSABP-31 cardiac risk scores (CRS), and HFA-ICOS trastuzumab proforma) to 629 women (mean age 52.4 ± 10.9 years) with Stage I-III HER2+ breast cancer treated with trastuzumab ± anthracyclines to assess their performance to identify CTRCD during or immediately post treatment. Using these models, patients were classified into CTRCD risk categories according to the pre-treatment characteristics. With NSABP-31 CRS and HFA-ICOS proformas, patients in the highest risk category had a 1.7-to-2.4-fold higher relative risk of CTRCD than the low-risk category (p = 0.010 and 0.005, respectively). However, with all three risk models, those in the low-risk category had a high absolute risk of CTRCD (15.5–25.5%). The discrimination of the models for CTRCD (AUC 0.51–0.60) and their calibration was limited. NSAP-31 CRS and HFA-ICOS proformas can identify relative differences in CTRCD risk between patients, but when considering absolute risk, they are only able to identify the highest risk patients. There remains an ongoing need for accurate CTRCD risk prediction models in women with HER2+ breast cancer.
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Suntheralingam et al. (2022) conducted a cohort in Stage I-III HER2+ breast cancer (n=629). High CTRCD risk category (NSABP-31 CRS and HFA-ICOS proformas) vs. Low CTRCD risk category was evaluated on Cancer-therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) (RR 1.7-2.4, p=0.010 and 0.005). Risk prediction models identified a 1.7-to-2.4-fold higher relative risk of CTRCD in high-risk versus low-risk breast cancer patients, though overall model discrimination was limited (AUC 0.51-0.60).
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