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In this paper, the effect of a battery energy storage system (BESS) as a spinning reserve is considered to control the frequency of a microgrid consisting of a diesel generator, photovoltaic, BESS, and electrical loads. In this stand-alone microgrid, the output power of diesel generators and the BESS are subject to variations to compensate for power fluctuations caused by the load and output power of photovoltaic. Therefore, secondary control, in addition to the primary control, has been proposed to deal with frequency deviation and accelerate the operation of spinning reserve. The scheme is simulated in a hybrid power plant, where results show the effectiveness of the secondary control on frequency deviation damping of the microgrid, thus improving dynamic stability.
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Jamshidi et al. (2024) studied this question.
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