Key result
In patients without chronic kidney disease, elevated cystatin C was independently associated with increased carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (β = 0.220, p = 0.038).
Why the study?
Cystatin C is associated with advanced atherosclerosis and increased arterial stiffness in CKD, but its relationship with arterial stiffness parameters in patients without CKD needed to be defined.
Cross-Sectional (n=111)
Effect estimate: β = 0.220
p-value: p=0.038
In patients without chronic kidney disease, elevated Cystatin C levels are independently associated with increased arterial stiffness.
May signal early vascular stiffness in non-CKD patients; leaves open prognostic value and need for outcome trials.
BACKGROUND: Cystatin C (cysC) is freely filtered in the glomeruli, and its serum concentration is independent of muscle mass, diet, gender, or age. In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), cysC is associated with advanced atherosclerosis and increased arterial stiffness. The purpose of this study was to define possible associations between arterial stiffness parameters and cysC in patients without CKD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 111 non-CKD patients. Basic demographic and laboratory data were recorded. Arterial stiffness was measured by applanation tonometry (sphygmocor, Australia). RESULTS: (range 62 - 90), and cysC 0.94 ± 0.18 mg/L (range 0.67 - 1.63). Mean carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was 10.1 ± 2.4 m/s (range 6.2 - 16.8), subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR) 165.7 ± 36.1% (range 92 - 299), ejection duration (ED) 33.8 ± 4.4 ms (range 22 - 46), and pulse pressure (PP) 46.6 ± 14.8 mmHg (range 17 - 94). A statistically significant association was found between cysC and cfPWV (r = 0.472, p < 0.001), SEVR (r = -0.316, p < 0.001), ED (r = 0.217, p = 0.025), and pulse pressure (PP) (r = 0.241, p = 0.012). Multiple regression analysis between arterial stiffness parameters and cysC, age, male gender, AH, DM, hyperlipidemia, and eGFR confirmed a statistically significant and independent association between cysC and cfPWV (β = 0.220, p = 0.038), between cysC and SEVR (β = -0.278, p = 0.017), and between cysC and ED (β = 0.241, p = 0.045). CONCLUSION: Elevated cysC is associated with increased cfPWV, increased ED, and decreased SEVR.
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Piko et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in without chronic kidney disease (n=111). Cystatin C was evaluated on carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) (β = 0.220, p=0.038). In patients without chronic kidney disease, elevated cystatin C was independently associated with increased carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (β = 0.220, p = 0.038).
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