Capsular heterodimers are formed exclusively from a tetra(tosylurea)calix[4]arene (blue) and tetrakis(3,5-dibutenyloxyphenylurea)- or tetrakis(dipentenyloxyphenylurea)calix[4]arenes (red). Metathesis between the prearranged alkenyl groups and subsequent hydrogenation leads to mechanically interlocked capsules which can neither dissociate nor release the included guest(s) owing to their fourfold [2]rotaxane structure.
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Molokanova et al. (2006) studied this question.
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