Contextualizing Sexuality Education in Early Childhood: Leadership, Curriculum, and Cultural Negotiation in Indonesia

This study examines headmistresses’ support for teachers and methods of integrating culturally sensitive sexuality education in early childhood settings. A qualitative case study was conducted in three early childhood institutions in Banjarmasin, Indonesia – PAUD Islam Terpadu Ukhuwah, PAUD Islam Baitul Makmur, and TK Negeri Pembina Banjarmasin Tengah. Using purposive sampling, the study involved three headmistresses and 12 teachers, with data collected through semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis. Thematic analysis was applied to identify key patterns and insights. Findings reveal diverse approaches: TK Negeri Pembina integrated lessons within the Profil Pelajar Pancasila framework, PAUD Islam Baitul Makmur emphasized Quranic teachings and parent engagement, and PAUD Islam Terpadu Ukhuwah used UNESCO-aligned parent modules. Supporting factors included institutional branding, parent collaboration, and cultural alignment; challenges varied, with state schools facing structural rigidity and Islamic schools contending with cultural resistance and limited parental involvement. Teaching methods, such as storytelling, interactive media, and modeling, emphasized religious and cultural values. The study highlights the need for tailored, context-sensitive strategies to implement sexuality education effectively in early childhood education.