Multi-omics analysis detected multiple pathways by which pomegranate punicalagin exerts its biological effects in modulating host–microbiota interactions in murine colitis models

, in which PA also restored the microbial dysbiosis index to the baseline and promoted microbial interactions. Multiple microbial signatures with high predictive accuracy for key colitis pathophysiological parameters were identified, which can be developed as biomarkers for monitoring the efficacy of PA-containing functional foods in promoting gut health. Our findings should facilitate the exploitation of dual applications of PA as a bioactive food ingredient and a therapeutic agent.