Sludge is the unwanted solid waste produced during the treatment of industrial wastewater. The hydrothermal carbonization process (HTC) can be used to convert sewage sludge into a coal-like solid fuel. The effects of solid-to-liquid ratio and feed water pH on the physicochemical properties of hydrochars were investigated. According to the results, hydrothermal treatment enhanced the fuel characteristics of hydrochar with a high HHV and fixed carbon. Adding 0.8 M acetic acid resulted in the highest rate of energy recovery at 96.98 %. The observed H/C and O/C atomic ratios of HTC-0.4AA have been lowered to levels comparable to lignite coal. ICP-OES confirmed the presence of the metal in the hydrochar product. Examining the thermogravity analysis of raw materials and hydrochars with a TGA analyzer was then used to determine the combustion kinetics. In addition, combustion characteristics indicate that HTC improves the S combustibility index.
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Paiboonudomkarn et al. (2022) studied this question.
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