Marital Role Tensions and Number and Sex of Children

in the South have remained there. The flow of talent, however, resembles the tide of Negro migration as a whole. Compared to other listings, Negro women receive greater recognition among their group than do white women, 16 per cent of the Negro biographees being women. The family relationships of the Negro leaders are much like those found for outstanding men in general; they marry to the same degree as the general population, but about six to seven years later; and, those who marry show a high proportion of childlessness and an insufficient number of children to replace themselves as families. Politically these leaders seem to favor the Democratic party, rather than the Republican. Occupationally in the North no one professional group predominates, although nearly half of the Southern leaders are employed as educators. The clergy account for only about one-tenth of the whole. As for educational preparation, these men more often have graduated from college than persons in Who's Who in America, but they do not yet show as frequent an attainment of higher degrees. There is some evidence of social adaptation in these data. Where opportunities are available in the North, the leaders' occupational pursuits are varied. In the South they are strongly for the Democratic party, whereas they lean to the Republican party in the North. In the North as compared to the South these leaders show greater affiliation with the Episcopalian, Catholic, Congregational, and other denominations. These contrasts suggest that in this Northward migration there has been an assimilation of Northern culture. Should Negroes consider making their career in the South? Such a recommendation is surcharged with much personal and social sacrifice. That Negro leadership and talent is dislocated from its parent group is apparent in these data. Only 47 per cent of those listed in Who's Who in Colored America live in the South, but 68 per cent of the American Negroes are found there. The comparison is not really as sharp as it appears, because opportunity often begets (in the North) recognition and leadership, and the lack of it dissipates ability. Nevertheless, if, as was proposed at the outset, self-improvement among the Negroes is a goal to be sought after, in which leadership should play a part, then here is found a dilemma for the Negro group as a whole.