In recent decades, the global economy has undergone significant structural changes associated with the active introduction of the latest digital technologies in trade and production. At the global level, the development of these technologies has led to the end-to-end digitalization of all stages of value creation: from development and the production process to its marketing, logistics and service. The purpose of this article is to analyze another trend that is gaining strength in the global economy - the process of the return of industrial production from developing countries to the USA and Western European countries, the key technologies of which are becoming the digital technologies of Industry 4.0.
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Gudkova et al. (2020) studied this question.