Why the study?
Atrial fibrillation substantially increases stroke risk and cardiovascular mortality, but the effects of different sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors on stroke risk in these patients needed assessment.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors such as obesity, employment status, marital status, and education level significantly impact stroke risk as measured by the CHA2DS2-VASc score in patients with atrial fibrillation.
<ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Background:</ns3:bold> Non-communicable diseases, the major cause of death and disability, are susceptible to modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Atrial fibrillation (AF) increases the risk of stroke by 4 to 5 times and can lead to cardiovascular mortality. This study was conducted to assess the effects of different sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors on stroke development in patients with AF. </ns3:p> <ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Methods:</ns3:bold> A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and June 2018 on patients recruited from Lebanese community pharmacies. The CHA <ns3:sub>2</ns3:sub> DS <ns3:sub>2</ns3:sub> -VASc scoring system is utilized as a stroke risk stratification tool in AF patients. Participants with a previous physician diagnosis of AF, documented on medical records, were included in this study. Data was collected through a survey that was distributed to all eligible patients. </ns3:p> <ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Results:</ns3:bold> A total of 524 patients were enrolled in the study with a mean age (± SD) of 58.75 ± 13.59 years with hypertension (78.4%) being the most predominant disease. The results showed that obesity (Beta=0.61, p-value =0.011), retirement and unemployment compared to employment (Beta=1.44 and 1.44, p-value=0.001 respectively), divorced/widow compared to married (Beta=1.38, p-value =0.001) were significantly associated with higher CHA <ns3:sub>2</ns3:sub> DS <ns3:sub>2</ns3:sub> -VASc scores whereas high versus low socio-economic status (Beta=-1.03, p=0.009) and high school education versus primary education level (Beta=-0.49, p-value=0.025) were significantly associated with lower CHA <ns3:sub>2</ns3:sub> DS <ns3:sub>2</ns3:sub> -VASc scores. </ns3:p> <ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Conclusions:</ns3:bold> The study highlights that <ns3:bold/> the <ns3:bold/> CHA <ns3:sub>2</ns3:sub> DS <ns3:sub>2</ns3:sub> -VASc score is affected by the presence of various sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics in patients with AF. Thus, screening for those factors may predict the progression of cardiovascular disease and may provide an optimal intervention. </ns3:p>
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Malaeb et al. (2021) studied this question.
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