Based on the 1989 Demographic and Health Survey of Bolivia, analysis of the joint effects of breastfeeding and contraceptive use on birth-spacing showed the IUD to be the most effective contraceptive method used to delay conception. Breastfeeding significantly lengthened the birth interval, but only following second and higher parity births. In addition, conditions of poverty appeared to further inhibit the return of fecundity and delay conception.
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Renata Forste (1995) studied this question.
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