Zone-aware CMIP6 climate extremes and vegetation linkages across South Asia

This record archives the code and processed outputs supporting a study of hydroclimatic-zone stratified climate-extreme change and vegetation sensitivity across South Asia. Seven hydroclimatic zones were delineated on a 0.10° land grid from ERA5-Land precipitation and temperature diagnostics, elevation and latitude, by consensus of K-means, Ward hierarchical clustering and Gaussian mixture modelling, with a self-organising map as an independent check. Twelve CMIP6 models were evaluated against ERA5-Land for precipitation, maximum temperature and minimum temperature over 1985–2014, screened by variable, bias-corrected at zone level, and combined into annual ensembles under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5. Annual ETCCDI-style indices (PRCPTOT, RX1day, CDD, TXx, TNn) were analysed with Sen's slope, Mann–Kendall, pre-whitened Mann–Kendall and Pettitt change-point tests under false-discovery-rate control. MODIS NDVI, EVI, GPP and NPP were linked to the observed indices using Spearman correlations and leave-one-year-out validated ridge models, which were then applied to the projections as a confidence-qualified future vegetation-response diagnostic. The record contains two archives. SA-Climate-Veg_code_v1.1.0.zip holds twelve numbered analysis notebooks in execution order, standalone rerun and figure scripts, the data-acquisition notebooks used with Google Earth Engine and Xarray-Earth Engine, workflow and reproducibility documentation, and the Conda environment specification. SA-Climate-Veg_processed-data_v1.1.0.zip holds the consensus zone layers in NetCDF and GeoTIFF form, 116 result tables covering zoning validation, CMIP6 evaluation and screening, bias-correction factors, annual ETCCDI-style zone series and period changes, trend and change-point statistics and vegetation–climate linkage results, together with change and trend raster fields and stage-level methods notes. Source datasets (ERA5-Land, CMIP6, MODIS, SRTM, Natural Earth) are not redistributed and remain available from their original providers; raw and intermediate daily gridded stacks are not archived and can be regenerated with the released code. Coordinate reference system EPSG:4326; analysis grid 0.10°; baseline period 1985–2014. The record is released under CC BY 4.0. The code is additionally available under the MIT Licence, as in the linked GitHub repository.