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A novel compact optical variable-attenuator with a wide dynamic range for use in single-mode fiber transmission systems has been developed. Attenuation rate can be continuously adjusted by changing the distance between the end faces of the two fibers in the V-channel on a concave surface. The calculated insertion loss is <0.5 dB; the dynamic range of 30 dB is attained by <2.5 mm end separation. The calculated losses were verified experimentally. Reproducibility of the attenuation is within 0.5 dB.
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S. Masuda (1980) studied this question.
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