Applications of slow electron velocity map imaging to the study of spectroscopy and dynamics in small aromatic molecules

Slow electron velocity map imaging provides a means of performing relatively high resolution photoelectron spectroscopy while still maintaining many of the advantages of imaging techniques. Here, we describe its application to the spectroscopy and dynamics of some substituted toluene molecules and show it to be a versatile technique whose resolution can approach that of zero kinetic energy (ZEKE) photoelectron spectroscopy, and provides a good match to the bandwidth of transform limited 1 ps laser pulses. We provide a series of comparisons of the results obtained with different ionizing wavelengths and use these to help understand the advantages and limitations of the technique.